2D/Matrix Barcode QR Code Brief Introduction

A brief introduction of QR Code barcode, a matrix barcode symbology
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Code QR Code Barcode Symbology Overview
Definition of QR Code
QR Code, whose full name is Quick Response Code, was developed by a Japanese company called Denso-Wave in 1994. It is the most popular 2D bar code in Japan, with a very high speed of decodation.
Application of QR Code
  • Industries
  • Consumer advertising and packaging
  • Commercial tracking
  • Entertainment
  • Transport ticketing
  • Used with smart-phone devices
Barcode Specification of QR Code
  • ISO / IEC 18004 (2nd edition 2006-09-01)
QR Code Barcode Features Overview
  • QR Code, a matrix bar code type, has full range of capabilities and maximum data capacity.
  • It can encode numeric, alphanumeric, byte, and kanji data.
  • It has four levels of selectable error correction, L, M, Q and H, and the capacity is increasing from L to H. Its recovery of the symbol code words are: L (7%), M (15%), Q (25%), and H (30%)
  • Its orientation is independent, which includes both rotation and reflection.
  • It has appended structure, extended channel interpretations, the nature of reflectance reversal and mirror images.
QR Code Barcode Structure Overview
The QR Code includes the following components:
  • A quiet zone border which surrounds the symbology on all 4 sides.
  • Function patterns including finder pattern, separator, timing patterns, and alignment patterns.
  • Encoding region is comprised of format information, version information, as well as data and error correction code words.
QR Code Barcode Dimension Overview
  • There are forty sizes of QR Code, which ranges from version 1 to version 40, version 1 measures 21 × 21modules, version 2 measures 25 × 25 modules, version 3 measures 29 × 29 modules…. increasing 4x4 modules like that till Version 40, which encodes 177x177 modules.
  • There are three identical finder patterns Located at the upper left, upper right and lower left corners, each of which is consisted of 3 concentric squares and the size from outside to inner are: dark 7 × 7 modules, light 5 × 5 modules and dark 3 × 3 modules. The ratio of module widths in each finder pattern is 1:1:3:1:1.
  • Between each finder pattern and the Encoding Region, there is a separator made of all spaces, and it is one module wide.
  • The width of a module (X) is determined by the application, and the height of a module shall be equal to the X dimension.
  • The width of Quiet Zone should be 4X on all 4 sides.
QR Code Extended Channel Interpretations (ECIs)
ECI, identified by a 6-digit number, enables QR Code encode multiple character sets (e.g. Arabic, Greek, Italian) and other data interpretations into one QR Code symbol.
An ECI can be any number between 0 and 999999 (dddddd). The tilde code ~7dddddd is used to enter the ECI value for TERREC products. Consider that ~7 are directly followed by exact 6 digits.
QR Code is only a data carrier, while ECI scanner can transmit the information from one language to another.